Formed in 1806 in southern Bessarabia as the
Ust’-Danube, or Budzhak, Host out of former Zaporozh’e Cossacks who had gone to
Turkey in 1775 and later went over to the Russian side. Disbanded in 1807, it
was reorganized in 1828 as the Danube Cossack Host out of former Ust’-Danube
Cossacks, Trans-Danube Zaporozh’e Cossacks, and volunteers from the South Slavic
countries. The host patrolled the border along the Danube and the Prut, as well
as the Black Sea coast. In 1858 the Danube Cossack Host numbered ten stanitsy (cossack
villages) with 12,000 people. In 1856 it was renamed the Novorossiisk Cossack
Host. The host was disbanded in 1868.
The Great
Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All
rights reserved.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Danube Cossack Host (Russian: Дунайское Казачье Войско) was an Imperial Russian Cossack Host formed in 1828 prior to the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), on the order of Emperor Nicholas I from descendants of the Zaporozhian Cossacks living in Bessarabia and in particularly the Budjak. Russian Cossack Host named Lower-Danube Budjak Host had been formed there in 1807 but was disbanded soon afterwards. The Host also included many volunteers from the Nekrasov Cossacks and the Balkan peoples such as Romanians, Serbs and Bulgarians. Initially three selos of the Akkerman poviat where in the Cossacks control: Akmangit, Starokazachye, and Volonterovka.
After the War, the Host was tasked with guarding the borders of the Bessarabian and Kherson Governorates, and it had outposts in Odessa, Izmail and Akkerman, which also housed the central headquarters. Initially as Wallachia was administered by Russia, the Tsar expected all of the Nekrasov Cossacks that remained in the Danube Delta to join this Host as well, however most refused further military service. Instead in 1839, concerned with extent of Gypsy activities, Russia suggested to enlist them as Cossacks. Although most Gypsies chose to decline the offer, those that did would make nearly quarter of the Cossacks in the Host[1]
During the Russo-Turkish War, 1853-56, the Danube Cossacks became famous for their Rocket artillery in the capturing of Tulcea, Isaccea and Măcin, which supported the main armies in covering their bridgeheads and preventing the Turkish Army from breaking to the Danube. Both Danube Cossack regiments were awarded the Georgian Banners. After the 1856 Treaty of Paris, Russia ceded some of the Budjakterritory and the Host moved to stanitsa Nikolayevka-Novorossiyskaya (modern selo within the Odessa Oblast, Ukraine), consequently, losing the Danube river, the Host was renamed to Novorossiyan Cossack Host (Russian: Новороссийское Казачье Войско) in 1856.
By 1858 the new Host had 10 stanitsas and numbered twelve thousand men. However in the next decade, a time of relative peace, most lost their combat ability and were involved in internal customs and police service, and in 1868 in wake of the administrative reform of Emperor Alexander II, the Host was disbanded, and most of the Cossacks continued service in customs and police, but now under civil administration.[2] With that, ended the nearly of Cossack presence in the Budjak territory. Today there are efforts to re-create the Cossack lifestyle centered in that province by local enthusiasts, though it has made little progress yet.
References
1. Olena Bachynska, Danubian (NovoRossiyan) Cossack Host 1828-1868. Published in the Cossackdom of Southern Ukraine ХVІІІ - ХІХ centuriesp.177-229 Odessa 2000; Available online at Cossackdom.com
2. Shambarov, Valery (2007). Kazachestvo Istoriya Volnoy Rusi. Algorithm Expo, Moscow. ISBN 978-5-699-20121-1.
Military leadership of the Cossack Army from Novorossisk. In the center there was its commander Major-General I. Gangardt (1858).
ABOUT THE AWARD
The Ribbon of St George or St. George's Ribbon (Russian: георгиевская ленточка georgievskaya lentochka) constitutes one of the most recognised and respected symbols of military valour in modern Russia. It is widely associated with the commemoration of World War II and especially with the units who were awarded the collective Guard battle honours during the conflict. The ribbon consists of a black and orange bicolour pattern, with three black and two orange stripes. Its origins lay back in the times of the Russian Empire.
The Georgian ribbon emerged as part of the Order of St George, established in 1769 as the highest military decoration of Imperial Russia (and re-established in 1998 by the Russian Federation). While the Order of St George was normally not a collective award, the ribbon was sometimes granted to regiments and units that performed brilliantly during wartime and constituted an integral part of some collective battle honours (such as banners and pennants). When not awarded the full Order, some distinguished officers were granted ceremonial swords, adorned with the Georgian ribbon. In 1806, distinctive Georgian banners were introduced as a further battle honour awarded to meritorious Guards and Leib Guard regiments. The pike on which these flags were mounted was topped by the St George Cross and adorned with 4,44 cm wide Georgian ribbons. It remained the highest collective military award in the Russian military until the Revolution in 1917.
XIII. Danube Cossack Host Uniforms
[Dunaiskoe kazach'e voisko]
See:
1)HISTORICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE CLOTHING AND ARMS
OF THE
RUSSIAN ARMY
VOLUME 30
Irregular Troops, Temporary Forces, Flags, Orders, and Medals
1825-1855
A.V. VISKOVATOV
Compiled by HIGHEST direction
Saint Petersburg, Military Typography Office, 1862
2) «Историческое описание одежды и вооружения российских войск», 1944, т.27, с.35 - 37
http://listat.ru/T27/T27_11.htm
[TRANSLATED BY MARK CONRAD, 2012]
16 March 1837, 29 April 1838 - The Danube Cossack Host is prescribed uniforms, accouterments, and weapons, as well as horse furniture, as for the Don Host, with only the red cloth used a distinction changed to light blue [svetlosinii] cloth, and red tape and cords—to light blue (Illus. 1281 and 1282) (165).
2 January 1844 - There is to be a metallic cockade on the capband of officers’ forage caps, as established at this same time for officers’ caps in the regular forces (166).
20 May 1844 - With the general allocation of forage cap colors throughout the Military Administration, in the Danube Cossack Host forage caps are to be dark blue [sinii], with a light-blue band and light-blue piping around the top (167).
13 December 1844 - By an administrative regulation confirmed on this date for the Danube Cossack Host, its uniforms, weapons, and horse equipment remain unchanged, but described in all details.
Lower ranks in regiments
Headdress of black astrakhan with a light-blue cloth bag and chinstrap. White upper pompon, of wool, with light-blue cloth lining on the lower pompon. Black neckcloth. Jacket of dark-blue cloth with light-blue piping along the collar and cuffs. Dark-blue cloth sharovary pants with light-blue stripes. Girdle—of light-blue shalloon. Gray cloth greatcoat with a collar of the same with light -blue tabs. Boots with iron spurs. Dark-blue shoulder straps with light-blue piping and the regimental number, with a white metal button. Sword knot of black leather. Dark-blue cloth forage cap, with band and piping of light-blue cloth, without a visor.
Ammunition pouch for 40 rounds in iron pockets laid out in 2 rows, with black leather sewn around, and lid of the same leather, and stitching along the edges. The cartridge-carrier crossbelt is a black rawhide strap 3/4 vershok [1-1/4 inches] wide, with brass buckles, slides, and endpieces. Carrier for stowing the pistol—of black leather with two side flaps and stitching along the edges; 4 vershoks [7 inches] long on the left side and 5 [8-3/4] on the right; the width at the top 4 vershoks [7 inches], and at the bottom 1-3/4 [3]. Pistol lanyard of dark-blue wool, with one tassel and two slides, 2 arshins 7 vershoks [68-1/4 inches] long.
Pistol case—of dark-blue cloth to the lower part of the firelock, of shiny black leather from that part; above, where the cloth ends, it is trimmed around with dark-blue tape; for closure around the butt there is a dark-blue wool cord with tassel; the case is 9-1/2 vershoks [16-5/8 inches] long, 3-1/2 [6-1/8] wide at the bottom and 1-3/4 [3] in the middle, the circumference of the bottom is 2-1/2 vershoks [4-3/8 inches]; tape on the cases is 1/4 vershok [1/2 inch] wide. Sword belt of shiny black leather with three brass buckles; width of the strap - 6/8 vershok [1-1/4 inches].
Saddlecloth of dark-blue army cloth with canvas lining, trimmed on the edges with light-blue cloth tape 7/8 vershok [1-1/2 inches] wide; on the rear corners of the saddlecloth is the same tape, 9-1/2 vershoks [16-5/8 inches] in length. Cushion of dark-blue army cloth with canvas lining, trimmed around the seam with light-blue cloth tape 7/8 vershok [1-1/2 inches] wide.
Valise of gray army cloth with canvas lining, four white metal buttons, and the regimental number; the valise is 14-1/2 vershoks [24-1/2 inches] long, the circumference of the ends is 12-3/4 vershoks [22-1/3 inches].
Saddle with appurtenences in the usual cossack style. Bridle, crupper, and chestband—without any fittings. Sweat-cloth with cover—of fine white felt in five layers, covered on top, reinforced below with black calf-skin. Pack strap [v'yuchnyi remen'] of black rawhide with a brass buckle, 1 arshin 7 vershoks [40-1/4 inches] long.
Shashka sword—brass handle, bands with rings, and endpiece; wooden scabbard wrapped with black leather. Pistol of the pattern adopted by the cavalry, worn in a carrier fastened behind on the sword belt. Musket and sling according to the pattern confirmed 28 April 1838. Musket case of shaggy black felt with a sling made from a black rawhide strap 5/8 vershok [1-1/10 inches] wide. Horse cloth—of gray cloth. Lance with a black shaft (Illus. 1283).
Non-commissioned officers and clerks have white galloon on the collar and cuffs.
Officers
Silver upper pompon on the headdress, light-blue cloth lining on the lower pompon. Dark-blue cloth jacket; silver buttonhole loops on the collar and cuffs with light-blue piping. Dark-blue cloth chekmen, with collar of the same and light-blue piping around the collar and cuffs. Light-blue silk girdle. Silver epaulettes and sash, of the confirmed pattern. Silver sword knot on a black strap. Forage cap the same as for lower ranks, but with a visor and cockade.
Ammunition pouch for 20 rounds in iron pockets laid out in one row; pockets lined with black morocco, trimmed at the bottom along the seam with thin black silk cord, and with a black morocco lid trimmed around the edge with silver lace without a light. Cartridge-carrier crossbelt of silver lace without a light, backed with black morocco 11/16 vershok [1-1/5 inches] wide, with silver buckles, slides, and endpieces. Carrier for stowing the pistol—of black morocco, with two side flaps and stitching along the sides; 1-7/8 vershoks [3-1/4 inches] long on the left side, 3-1/2 [6-1/8] on the right; 3 vershoks [5-1/4 inches] wide at the top, 1-1/2 [2-5/8] at the bottom.
Pistol lanyard—silver with one tassle and two slides, 2 arshins 10 vershoks [73-1/2 inches] long. Pistol case—of dark-blue cloth to the lower part of the firelock, from the lower part of the lock of black morocco; at the top, where the cloth ends, and below at the very end, it is trimmed around with silver lace without a light. A black silk cord for tying around the butt. The case is 7 vershoks [12-1/4] inches long, 3-3/4 [6-1/2] wide at the top, 1-3/4 [3] at the middle, and 2 [3-1/2] in circumference at the bottom; lace on the cases 3/8 vershok [2/3 inch] wide.
Sword belt—of the pattern established for light cavalry, modified so that the waistbelt is whole and to it are sewn the slings on an oval ring which is only half visible, and so that the sword belt is sewn on the waistbelt and slings with silver lace without a light.
Dark-blue cloth saddlecloth, reinforced with black calf-skin; trimmed around the edges with light-blue tape 3/4 vershok [1-1/4 inches] wide; the same tape is on the corners of the saddlecloth, 5-1/2 vershoks [9-1/2 inches] in length in the front and 9 [15-3/4] at the rear. Cushion of dark-blue cloth backed with black calf-skin; trimmed around along the seam with light-blue tape 3/4 vershok [1-1/4 inches] wide. Valise of gray cloth with leather reinforcement, four white metal buttons, and the regimental number; valise 12 vershoks [21 inches] long, the ends 9 [15-3/4 inches] around.
Shashka with gilt handle, bands with rings, and endpiece. Wooden scabbard wrapped in black morocco.
The headdress, neckcloth, sharovary, and other pieces of uniform clothing, weaponry, and horse furniture follow the patterns prescribed for lower rank except for the musket and sling and the musket case, as well as the lance, none of which are prescribed for officers (Illus. 1284).
On scheduled feastdays, when they are prescribed to be in full parade or ceremonial dress, all field and company-grade officers of the Danube Cossack Host are to wear jackets. When wearing the chekmen the headress, girdle, swordbelt, and shashka are worn; while on campaign the headdress has a cover of black lacquered leather.
The adjutant to the Government Ataman is prescribed a uniform of cossack cut, of dark-blue cloth with a silver aiguilette; red cloth collar with two silver buttonhole loops on the collar and cuffs; piping and girdle white; sharovary with red edging; saber of the pattern for cavalry troops.
Mounted personnel on internal service.
Dark-blue cloth forage cap with light-blue band and piping. Gray cloth greatcoat with a collar of the same with light-blue tabs. Gray cloth sharovary with light-blue piping. Ammunition pouch, sword belt, and shashka—of the patterns for serving cossacks. Standard cossack pistol. Saddle of the pattern for serving cossacks, without a cloth shabrack (Illus. 1285).
Dismounted personnel on internal service.
Forage cap, greatcoat, and sharovary—exactly like those for mounted personnel on internal service. Lance 2-1/4 arshins [5 feet 3 inches] long (Illus. 1286) (168).
14 April 1845 - Chekmens in the Danube Cossack Host are replaced by jackets, as introduced at this time in the Don, Astrakhan, Ural, and Orenburg hosts. Field and company-grade officers are ordered to wear pistols with cords only when in formation (169).
27 April 1845 - With the changes in uniform for the Danube Cossack Host promulgated on 14 April 1845, there are established:
Dark-blue chekmen as before, but reaching to 4 vershoks [7 inches] of the knee, with light-blue edging on the collar and cuffs; for non-commissioned officers their prescribed silver buttonhole loops. Headdress of black astrakhan, 4-1/4 vershoks [7-7/8 inches] high, without an indent on top, with a light-blue cloth bag under which is sewn an oilcloth base. Light-blue girdle. Pistol case of the previous pattern, but sewn into a holder fastened to the sword belt on the left side. All other items of uniforms and weapons not mentioned here, as well as horse furniture, remain unchanged (Illus. 1287 and 1288) (170).
The original text is:
1837 марта 16, 1838 апр. 29 - Дунайскому Казачьему Войску присвоены мундирные, амуничные и оружейные пещи, а также конский убор, как у Войска Донского, с заменой только красного прикладного сукна - светлосиним сукном и красных тесьмы и шнурков - светлосиними.
1844 дек. 13 - Утвержденным в этот день положением о Дунайском Казачьем Войске п-кам его обмундирование, вооружение и конская принадлежность оставлены без перемены, но указаны во всех подробностях.
Нижним чинам полков.
Шапка черного смушка с выкидом светлосинего сукна и с подбородным ремнем. Помпон белый, шерстяной, с подкладкой на репейке светлосинего сукна. Галстух черный. Куртка темносинего сукна с светлосиней выпушкой по воротнику и обшлагам.
Шаровары темносинего сукна с светлосиними лампасами. Кушак - светлосиний шалоновый. Шинель серого сукна с таким же воротником и с светлосиними клапанами на воротнике. Сапоги с железными шпорами. Погоны темносиние с светлосиней выпушкой и номером полка, с белой металлической пуговицей. Темляк из черной кожи. Фуражка темносинего сукна, с выпушкой и околышем из светлосинего сукна, без козырька.
Патронташ на 40 патронов в жестяных гнездах, расположенных в 2 ряда, обшитых черной кожей, с крышкой такой же кожи и строчкой по краям. Перевязь к патронташам из черного сыромятного ремня шириной 3/4 в., с медными пряжками, поперечниками и наконечниками. Чушка для вкладывания пистолета - из черной кожи с двумя ушками, со строчкой по краям; длиной к левой стороне 4, к правой 5 в., шириной вверху 4, внизу 3/4 в-ка. Шнур пистолетный из темносиней шерсти, с одной кистью и двумя гайками длиной 2 арш. 7 в.
Чехол пистолетный - до нижней части замка из синего сукна, от нижней из черной глянцевой кожи; сверху, где оканчивается сукно, обшит вокруг синим басоном; для завязывания кругом головки синий шерстяной шнурок с кистью; длина чехлов 9 1/2 в., ширина по верху З 1/2 в., в середине 1 3/4 в., внизу в окружности донышек 2 1/2 в.; ширина тесьмы на чехлах 1/4 в. Портупея из черной глянцевой кожи с тремя медными пряжками; ширина портупейного ремня 6/8 в.
Вальтрап синего арм. сукна с холстинной подкладкой, по краям обложен светлосиней суконной тесьмой, шириной 7/8 в.; на задних углах вальтрапа такая же тесьма, длиной 9 1/2 в. Подушка синего арм. сукна с холстинной подкладкой, кругом по шву обложена светлосиней суконной тесьмой шириной 7/8 в.
Чемодан серого арм. сукна с холстинной подкладкой, четырьмя белыми металлическими пуговицами, с номером п-ка; длина чемодана 14 1/2 в., в окружности донышек 12 3/4 в.
Седло с прибором обыкновенной казачьей формы. Узда, пахвы и нагрудник - без всякого набора. Потник с крышкой - из белой тонкой полости в пять листов, сверху покрытый, а снизу по краям подбитый черным опойком. Вьючный ремень из черного сыромятного ремня с медной пряжкой, длиной 1 арш. 7 в.
Шашка - рукоять, гайки с кольцами и наконечник медные; ножны деревянные, обтянутые черной кожей. Пистолет по образцу, применяемому в кавалерии; носится в чушке, прикрепленной сзади к портупее. Ружье и погонный ремень по образцу, утвержденному 28 апр. 1838 г. Чехол на ружье из черной косматой бурки с погоном из черного сыромятного ремня шириной 5/8 в. Попона - из серого сукна. Дротик на древке черного цвета.
Урядники и писаря имеют на воротниках и обшлагах белые галун.
Офицерам
Помпон на шапке серебряный с подкладкой на репейке из светлосинего сукна. Куртка темносинего сукна; по воротнику и обшлагам серебряные петлицы с светлосиней выпушкой. Чекмень темносинего сукна, с таким же воротником и светлосиней выпушкой по воротнику и обшлагам. Кушак светлосиний шелковый. Эполеты и шарф серебряные, по утвержденному образцу. Темляк серебряный, на черной тесьме. Фуражка такая же, как и у н. ч., но с козырьком и кокардой.
Патронташ на 20 патронов в жестяных гнездах, расположенных в 1 ряд; гнезда обшиты черным сафьяном, обложены снизу по шву черным шелковым тонким шнурком, с крышкой черного сафьяна, по краю обшитой серебряной тесьмой без просвета. Перевязь к патронташам из серебряной тесьмы без просвета, подбитой черным сафьяном шириной в 11/16 в., с серебряными пряжками, поперечниками и наконечниками. Чушка для вкладывания пистолета из черного сафьяна, с двумя ушками, со строчкой по краям; длиной к левой стороне 1 7/8, к правой 3 1/2 в.; шириной вверху 3, внизу 1 1/2 в.
Шнур пистолетный - серебряный, с одной кистью и двумя гайками длиной 2 арш. и 10 в. Чехол пистолетный - до нижней части замка из синего сукна, от нижней - из черного сафьяна; вверху, где оканчивается сукно, и внизу, на самом конце, обшит вокруг серебряной без просвета (тесьмой; для завязывания кругом головки черный шелковый шнурок; длина чехла 7 в., ширина вверху 3 3/4 в середине 1 3/4 в., внизу и окружности донышек 2 в.; ширина тесьмы на чехлах 3/8 в.
Портупея - по образцу, установленному для легкой кавалерии, с таким изменением, чтобы поясной ремень был целый и к нему пришивались паськи на овальном кольце, которое было бы видно только в половину, чтобы портупеи обшивались на поясном ремне и паськах серебряной тесьмой без просвета.
Вальтрап синего сукна, подбитый черным опойком; по краям обложен светлосиней тесьмой, ширина которой 3/4 в.; такая же тесьма и на углах вальтрапа; передник длиной 5 1/2, задник 9 в. Подушка синего сукна подбита черным опойком; кругом по шву обложена светлосиней тесьмой; ширина тесьмы 3/4 в. Чемодан серого сукна с кожаной подбойкой, с четырьмя металлическими белыми пуговицами, и номером п-ка; длина чемодана 12; окружность донышек 9 в.
Шашка, рукоять, гайки с кольцами и наконечник - вызолоченные; ножны деревянные, обтянутые черным сафьяном.
Шапка, галстух, шаровары и все пр. части обмундирования, вооружения и конской сбруи по образцу присвоенных нижним чинам, исключая ружья с погонным ремнем и чехлом, а также дротика, которые оф-м не полагаются.
Все шт.- и об.-офицеры Дунайского Казачьего Войска в табельные дни, в которые установлено быть им, в полной парадной или праздничной форме, носят куртки; чекмени применяются в тех случаях, когда в пр. войсках носят сюртуки. При чекменях надевать шапку, кушак, портупею и шашку; во время походов на шапках чехлы из черной лакированной кожи.
Адъютанту Наказного атамана полагается мундир казачьего покроя из темносинего сукна с серебряным аксельбантом; воротник красного сукна с двумя серебряными петлицами на воротнике и обшлагах, с выпушкой и кушаком белого цвета; шаровары с красным кантом; сабля по образцу кавалерийских войск.
Не совсем точно. Были сформированы два конных полка. во время Крымской войны в 1854 был сформирован третий конный и после войны упразднен. 1-му и 2 -му полкам были пожалованы простые знамена. Эти полки расформировали в 1868 году.
ДУНАЙСКОГО казачьего войска полки
1828 Сформированы из Усть-Дунайских и Буджакских казаков 1-й (конный) и 2-й (пеший) Дунайские казачьи полки, по случаю войны с Турцией.
1829 Распущены.
1844 Сформированы вновь в составе образованного Дунайского казачьего войска – 1-й и 2-й конные полки Дунайского казачьего войска.
1854 По случаю Крымской войны сформирован 3-й конный полк Дунайского казачьего войска.
1856 3-й конный полк распущен.
1856 11 июня 1-й и 2-й конные полки переименованы в 1-й и 2-й Новороссийкие казачьи полки.
1863 3 декабря Упразднены.
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